History of surah The Groups

Name
Surah Al-Zumar has been so named because God Almighty speaks in it about the group of believers who are satisfied with the bliss of Paradise with awe and honor, and the group of wretched disbelievers who await the torments of Hell with humiliation and degradation, and it has been said that the reason for the naming; It is unique because it contains the word Zumar from the rest of the Surahs of the Noble Quran.

Period of Revelation
The verses of Surat Al-Zumar were revealed one by one, and they differed, and there were many reasons for the revelation, depending on the verse. It is reported that three verses of Surat Al-Zumar were revealed in Medina, and the remaining verses were revealed in Mecca before the emigration.

The Almighty saying: (Beware! sincere and true obedience is due to Allâh alone); It was revealed to the Prophet -may God bless him and grant him peace- when a man asked him if he had a reward for spending money on the poor and needy, with the intention that his name be mentioned among the people. 

The saying of the Almighty: (And those who take as allies other than Him); It was revealed about Amer, Kinana and the Bani Salamah because they had taken idols instead of God and they said that God had taken His daughters from the angels. 

The saying of the Almighty: (Is one who is devoutly obedient during periods of the night, prostrating and standing [in prayer], fearing the Hereafter and hoping for the mercy of his Lord, [like one who does not]?); It was revealed about Othman bin Affan, and it was also said about Ammar bin Yasser and Ibn Masoud. 

The Almighty said: (Those who avoid At-Taghut (false deities) by not worshipping them and turn to Allah in repentance, for them are glad tidings; so announce the good news to My slaves); It was sent down about three companions who adhered to monotheism at the time of ignorance, and they say abundantly that there is no god but Allah, and they are: Zaid bin Amr bin Nufail, Abu Dhar Al-Ghafari and Salman Al-Farsi. 

The Almighty said: (Say: "O my Servants who have transgressed against their souls! Despair not of the Mercy of Allah. for Allah forgives all sins: for He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.). It was revealed about Wahshiy the murderer of Hamza bin Abdul Muttalib in the battle of Uhud after his conversion to Islam, and it was said about the polytheists of Mecca.

Theme and topics
Sayyid Qutb, may God have mercy on him, emphasised that "this surah confines itself almost exclusively to the question of monotheism. It circles the human heart in successive rounds, strikes its strings with successive rhythms, and shakes it with a deep and persistent tremor in order to impress upon it the truth of monotheism, to strengthen it, and to refute every suspicion and doubt about it. He has challenged this fact again and again."

In addition to highlighting the truth of monotheism, the shadow of the other world casts this surah from its beginning to its end, and its context circles the human heart in each of its short strokes, and it lives in it most of the time in the shadow of the other world.
The sura was concluded with an image of the Day of Judgment Where the angels surround the throne of the Most Gracious, glorify His praise and praise Him for His judgment and justice among the servants.