History of surah The Prostration
Name
It was called "Surah Al-Sajdah" because the Almighty mentioned in it the descriptions of the righteous believers who, when they hear the verses of the Great Qur'an, " Only those believe in Our Signs, who, when they are recited to them, fall down in adoration, and celebrate the praises of their Lord, nor are they (ever) puffed up with pride"
Period of Revelation
Al-Sajdah is the thirty-second surah in the order of the Uthmani Qur’an, and the seventy-third in the order of revelation. It was revealed after Surat An-Nahl, and before Surat Noah. And the number of verses thirty verses. It is Meccan in the words of most commentators.
On the authority of Anas bin Malik, he said: About us, the group of Ansar, the verse (Their sides forsake their beds, to invoke their Lord in fear and hope, and they spend (charity in Allah's Cause) out of what We have bestowed on them) was revealed.
On the authority of Muath bin Jabal: He said that when we were with the Messenger of God, may God be with him, in the battle of Tabuk and the heat had hit us, the people dispersed. He said, "I asked for a great thing, and it is easy for him to whom God Almighty makes it easy. Worship God, do not associate anything with Him, perform the prescribed prayers, pay the obligatory zakat and fast in Ramadan. If you wish, I will inform you about the gates of goodness."
He said, I said, "Yes, O Messenger of God
He said, (Fasting is a shield, charity is an atonement for sin and standing of a man in the darkness of the night seeking the face of God Almighty. He said: Then he read this verse (Their sides forsake their beds, to invoke their Lord in fear and hope, and they spend (charity in Allah's Cause) out of what We have bestowed on them).
Theme and topics
Sura Al-Sajdah is Meccan and, like all other Meccan suras, deals with the fundamentals of the Islamic faith, belief in God and the Last Day, the books, the messengers, the resurrection, and restitution.
The martyr Sayyid Qutb, may God have mercy on him, summarizes the meaning of this sura by saying, "This Meccan sura is another example of the Quran's address to the human heart with the great faith that the Quran wanted to awaken in concentrate in hearts: the doctrine of judgment on God, the One, the Unique, the Eternal, the Creator of the universe and mankind, and the Controller of the heavens and the earth." And what is between them and what is in them of creatures, only God knows. The belief in the message of Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, who was inspired by this Quran to lead people to God. The belief in the resurrection, the reckoning and the retribution. This is the theme that this sura is about, and it is the theme that all the Meccan suras are about.
The Surah basically revolves around four purposes: the purpose of the revelation and the sincerity of the Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace. And the purpose of the divinity described. And the purpose of resurrection and destiny. And the destiny on the Day of Resurrection will show the scene of believers and polytheists.